Early Renaissance Humanists
- ¹®ÇÐÀû Àç´ÉÀÌ ¶Ù¾î³ ÀÛ°¡µéÀ̾úÀ½.
ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ¾î¸¦ ¹®ÇÐÀÇ µµ±¸·Î ¹ßÀü½ÃŰ´Â µ¥ ±â¿©
°í´ë ±×¸®½º¿Í ¶óƾÀÇ °íÀü¿¡ °·ÄÇÑ ¿¸ÁÀ» ¼ÒÀ¯
Francesco Petrarca(1304-1374)
1303³â Florence ±ÙóÀÇ Arezzo¿¡¼ ź»ý
¾Æ¹öÁö(Pietro) -notary, ±³È²ÆÄ(Guelf)ÀÇ ³»ºÐ¿¡ ÈÖ¸»·Á Florence¿¡¼ Ãß¹æµÊ
7¼¼ ¶§ Pisa¿¡¼ Avignon(Babylonian Captivity of the Church of God)±ÙóÀÇ ¸¶À»·Î ÀÌÁÖ
Pietro - ±³È²Ã»ÀÇ ¼±â·Î ÀÏÇÔ.
Francesco´Â ºÎÄ£À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ °íÀü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ü½ÉÀ» ¾ò°ÔµÊ.
- ±×ÀÇ ºÎÄ£Àº CiceroÀÇ ÆíÁö¸¦ Å«¼Ò¸®·Î ÀаïÇÏ¿´À½
12¼¼ ¶§ - Petrarca -was sent fifty miles away to the University of Montpellier
in France to begin the study of law.
He immersed himself in the Latin classics.
16¼¼ ¶§ ºÎÄ£ÀÌ University of Bologna·Î º¸³¿
1326³â ºÎÄ£ÀÇ »çÈÄ AvignonÀ¸·Î ±Íȯ, ½Ã¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿Á¤À» ³ôÀÌ¸é¼ ±³È¸ÀÇ ÇÏÀ§ ¼ºÁ÷¿¡ ºÀ»ç
1326³â 4¿ù 6ÀÏ AvignonÀÇ ±³È¸¿¡¼ »ç¶û½º·¯¿î "Laura"¿¡ ¹ÝÇÏ¸é¼ ½ÃÀÎÀÇ °æ·ÂÀÌ ¼ºÀå
±×³à¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸Å·ÂÀ» ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ ¾îÀÇ ´Ü½Ã(sonnets)¿¡ Ç¥ÇöÇÔ.
1330³â Ãß±â°æÀÇ ±³È¸¿¡¼(the house of a cardinal)¿¡¼ ¿¹¹è´ç ¸ñ»ç(chaplain)°¡ µÊ
Çй®°ú °ú Àú¼ú¿¡ ¸ôµÎÇÏ¿´°í Dante ÀÌÈÄ·Î °¡Àå À§´ëÇÑ ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ ½ÃÀÎÀ¸·Î ÀνĵÊ
1341³â ÀºÅð ÈÄ ³×µ¨¶õµå¿¡ ¹æ¹®Çϰí ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ¿¡ ±ÍȯÇßÀ» ¶§, ·Î¸¶ÀÇ ¿ø·Î¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ
"Poet Laureate"·Î¼ ´ë°üÀ» ¹ÞÀ½
ÀÌÅ»¸®¾ÆÀÇ Á¤Ä¡Àû »óȲ°ú ´ë¿ªº´¿¡ ½É¸®Àû °íÅëÀ» ´çÇÏ°Ô µÊ
»ç¸Á Á÷Àü °íÀüÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿¡ ¸ôµÎ
·Î¸¶ÀÇ ½ÃÀÎ VirgilÀ» ¸ð¹æÇÏ¿© ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¼»ç½Ã Africa (Scipio Africanus¸¦ ±â³ä)¸¦ ±â¼ú
·Î¸¶ÀÇ ¿ª»ç°¡ LivyÀÇ ·Î¸¶»ç¸¦ ÆíÁý
Letters to the Ancient Dead¸¦ ÆíÁý
|_ Cicero, Seneca, Horace, Virgil, Homer, µîÀ» °íÃë½ÃŰ¸é¼ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½Ã´ë°¡
¾ó¸¶³ª ¾ÇÇÑÁö, ±×µé°ú ¾ó¸¶³ª ÇÔ²² »ì°í ½ÍÀºÁö¸¦ Ç¥ÇöÇÏ¿´´Ù.
°í´ë¸¦ ´õ Àß ¾Ë±â À§Çؼ Petrarca´Â °í´ë ±×¸®½º¾î¸¦ °øºÎÇÏ·Á ÇÏ¿´°í
°í´ëÀÇ Çʻ纻À» ¼öÁýÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Á¾±³Àû ½Å¾ÓÀÌ °ÇØÁö¸é¼ St. AugustineÀÇ Àú¼ú¿¡¼ Å« À§¾ÈÀ» ¹ÞÀ½
Petrarca -continued to urge others to make their own discovery of
the rich heritage of ancient Greece and Rome.
- passed on to later humanists the idea of the active and
contemplative lives, the Stoic notion of virtue
as "greatness of soul," a hostility to speculative knowledge,
and a strong faith in human rationality.
- developed many of the fundamental ideas of Renaissance humanism
and influenced generations of thinkers, both men and women.